▎ 摘　　要

Many of the exotic properties proposed to occur in graphene rely on the possibility of increasing the spin-orbit coupling (SOC). By combining analytical and numerical tight-binding calculations, in this paper we study the SOC induced by heavy adatoms with active electrons living in p orbitals. Depending on the position of the adatoms on graphene, different kinds of SOC appear. Adatoms located in a hollow position induce spin-conserving intrinsiclike SOC, whereas a random distribution of adatoms induces a spin-flipping Rashba-like SOC. The induced SOC is linearly proportional to the adatom concentration, indicating the nonexistent interference effects between different adatoms. By computing the Hall conductivity, we have proven the stability of the topological quantum Hall phases created by the adatoms against inhomogeneous spin-orbit coupling. For the case of Pb adatoms, we find that a concentration of 0.1 adatoms per carbon atom generates SOC's of the order of similar to 40 meV.