▎ 摘　　要

Polysulfone (PSF) membranes blended with cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and graphene oxide (GO) nanofiller were prepared for copper removal in this study. The impacts of single CNC, GO, and mixed CNC-GO addition on the morphology, hydrophilicity, permeability, copper ion rejec-tion, and membrane binding capacity were discussed. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that incorporating CNC, GO, and CNC-GO resulted in a more porous membrane structure with a high porosity value. The hydrophilicity of hybrid CNC-GO-PSF membranes were improved with the increment of CNC content and inclusion of the GO filler. Hybrid membranes showed a signifi-cant increment of flux compared to pristine PSF membrane. The water flux of the hybrid P-1GO-2C membrane is 8-fold higher than the pure PSF membrane (3.31 L/m(2)h). However, the copper rejec-tion of the hybrid CNC-GO-PSF membranes was less than 50%. The increment of the CNC in the hybrid CNC-GO-PSF membrane increases the membrane porosity, and the sub-layer structure of the membrane is becoming very loose. In adsorptive filtration mode, the GO-PSF membrane showed the highest copper binding capacity of 8.49 mg-Cu/g membrane.