▎ 摘　　要

Atomistic exploration of Li+ diffusion behaviors in electrodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has been documented to be an effective strategy to uncover Li+ storage mechanisms and to guide the design of promising electrode materials. In this work, we prepared two different types of SnO2 nanorods-graphene hybrids with anchored (A-SnG) and sandwiched (S-SnG) structures, investigated their electrochemical performances and unveiled the Li+ diffusion behaviors at atomic level. The Li+ diffusion behaviors of two SnO2-G hybrids during lithification were analyzed by in situ transmission electron microscopy. It is noted that Li+ orientation-dependently intercalated into crystal planes of SnO2 and induce anisotropic volume expansion upon the lithiation process. We assume that dislocations inside SnO2 nanorods provide effective channels for Li+ diffusion. In addition, graphene matrix accelerates the electron transfer, which can promote the electrochemical reaction kinetics. These merits in the SnO2 nanorods-graphene hybrids during lithiation process give clues to thoroughly regulate the Li+ diffusion behaviors and thus to get clear insight into advanced electrode material design. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd.