▎ 摘　　要

As an important carrier of cells and growth factors, scaffold materials have attracted attention in bone tissue engineering, but how to construct materials with both component and structural advantages is still a challenge. In this study, silk fibroin (SF) / nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) / graphene oxide (GO) composite scaffolds with directional channels were prepared by directional temperature field freeze-drying technique. The characteriza-tion, morphology, degradation rate, biocompatibility and bioactivity of directed channel SF/nHAp/GO scaffolds were studied systematically. As a comparison, the series of studies were also conducted in SF scaffolds, SF/nHAp scaffolds and undirected SF/nHAp/GO scaffolds. The characterization results showed that the directed channel SF/nHAp/GO scaffolds had better connectivity, more suitable porosity, degradation rate for osteogenesis and ability to induce bone-like apatite. The cell compatibility results showed that the directed channel SF/nHAp/GO scaffolds were more beneficial to the adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). And the expression of osteogenic genes was all up-regulated by RT-PCR. The in vivo experimental results showed that the directed channel SF/nHAp/GO scaffolds showed stronger biological activity and osseointegration ability. The composite scaffolds were non-toxic in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this material may have great application potential in repairing bone tissue defects. It provides a meaningful reference for the further study of scaffold materials with directional channels such as dental and orthopedical repair materials from the material composition and structure design.