▎ 摘　　要

Three-dimensional (3D) hybrid materials composed of 2D fish scale-like polyaniline (PANI) nanosheet arrays on graphene oxide sheets and carbon nanotubes were synthesized by a one-step process using a simplified template-free polymerization method. PANI nanosheet growth is proposed to be accomplished through electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and pi-pi stacking interaction. Such a material exhibits specific capacitances of 589 and 413 F g(-1) at 0.2 and 5 A g(-1), respectively, compared to pristine PANI of 397 and 180 F g(-1). After 1000 cycles, the composite still retains 81% of its initial capacitance, while PANI retains only 48%. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.