▎ 摘　　要

Developing appropriate composite electrodes with a large surface area and stable structure for improving the performance of thermally regenerative ammonia-based batteries (TRABs) is extremely important. In this work, reduced graphene modified Cu/Ni composite electrodes (Cu-rGONF) are proposed for TRABs to increase power generation performance. It is demonstrated that this Cu-rGONF has a sizeable specific electrode area, porous surface and high conductivity, which are beneficial for the Cu2+ electrodeposition on the cathode and Cu stripping from the anode, thereby an improvement in the performance of TRAB. And for full batteries, the maximum power using Cu-rGONF is 8.9 mW, which is 52.8 % higher than that of TRAB with Cu/Ni composite electrodes. Moreover, the output energy density of TRAB with Cu-rGONF is 320 Wh/m- 3(- |-);correspondingly, the thermal energy efficiency is 0.4 % (relative Carnot efficiency is 4.9 %). In addition, the maximum power density can be further improved to 13.3 mW by increasing the flow rates to 15 mL min-1 because of the enhancement of mass transfer. This indicates that Cu-rGONF is likely a suitable choice for optimizing TRABs.