▎ 摘　　要

A substrate with good physicochemical properties is essential for minimizing unpleasant internal concentration polarization phenomena in a forward osmosis (FO) process. In this study, graphene oxide-graft-poly(2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) (GO-g-PHEMA, GP) nanoplates with different weight ratios were prepared for the first time using a combination of click chemistry and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization. Then, high-efficiency thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) FO membranes were fabricated using GP-modified polysulfone (PSf) substrates. The influence of the structure parameter and concentration of GP on the substrate and polyamide (PA) active layer properties were systematically studied using various character-ization methods. The obtained results indicated that the morphologies of the GP-modified PSf substrates were more porous, and the pure water flux, surface hydrophilicity, and mean pore size of the substrates considerably improved. Furthermore, the GP/PSf-based TFN membranes showed thicker, rougher, and permeable PA active layers than the baseline PSf-based TFC membrane. In the case of TFN-FO membranes, the water permeability noticeably increased, and the structural parameter effectively declined. Additionally, the FO performance dramatically improved (e.g., the water flux of TFN-GP210.4 reached 32.6/15.6 LMH under PRO/FO configuration). According to the results, it can be concluded that 0.4 wt % of GP21 nanofiller (GO/ PHEMA ratio of 2:1) was the optimal blend concentration. Also, the modified membranes showed a noticeable performance in Caspian seawater desalination.