▎ 摘　　要

In the paper, graphite oxide was prepared with the improved Hummers Method and then dispersed in water via ultrasonic dispersion to produce dispersion liquid. After the reduction with hydrazine hydrate, graphene colloidal dispersion liquid with different reduced degrees was obtained via controlling reaction time. Microstructure and crystal structure evolution were characterized via UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and scanning probe microscopy from the samples during the transition from graphene oxide to graphene. Here, we analyzed the time-variation relationship of graphene oxide surface functional groups, conjugated p bond, the single-layer thickness and particle size during the reduction. The obtained results showed that microstructure and surface structure had certain correlation and regularity that functional groups on graphene oxide surface, conjugated p bond, the single-layer thickness and sheet diameter had the identical evolution process.