▎ 摘　　要

Tin is a promising replacement for graphite anodes in Li-ion batteries (994 mA h g(-1) for Sn vs. 372 mA h g(-1) for graphite), but suffers from particle pulverization upon lithiation that causes capacity fade. Herein, thermally reduced graphene oxide-containing carbon nanofibers (TRGO/CNFs) are used as scaffolds to house Sn/SnO2 particles, enhance anode capacity beyond that of graphite, and prolong cycle life of Sn-based electrodes. This study attempts to elucidate structure-composition relationships of tin-TRGO/CNF electrodes that lead to increased capacity retention. The composition and morphology of tin-TRGO/CNFs are assessed as a function of heat-treatment temperature and Sn loading as a means to understand and correlate electrochemical performance with physical features. We find: (1) the oxidation state of tin in TRGO/CNFs is in part determined by temperature-dependent, thermal-decomposition products of polyacrylonitrile-derived CNFs, and (2) precursor Sn(IV) loadings 10 wt%, and have longer cycle-lives; reversible capacities of similar to 600 mA h g(-1) are observed at 0.2C rates, while capacities of similar to 400mA h g(-1) are observed after hundreds of cycles at 2C rates. The durable graphene-containing nanofiber matrix, coupled with the high-capacity of tin, provides a promising anode material for Li-ion cells.