▎ 摘　　要

This paper describes the development of a 20MW(th) solar-wind-bio-distributed energy system and its viability of achieving biomass cascade utilization, water resource conservation, waste heat recovery, and CO2 mitigation while coproducing hydrogen, formic acid, and graphene. The proposed ubiquitous energy system model is developed by using ASPEN Plus for the operating parameter optimization and system-wide heat assessment. The system consists of (i) a biomass gasification module, (ii) a biochar utilization module, (iii) a chemical looping hydrogen generation module, (iv) an oxy-syngas combustion module, (v) a CO2 electroreduction module, and (vi) heat recovery units. Bioenergy is progressively converted through biomass gasification, chemical looping hydrogen generation, syngas combustion, and CO2 electroreduction. The role of solar energy and wind power is to induce the biomass gasification and CO2 electroreduction, respectively. The system has been proved to be water-saving with a water recycle efficiency of 70.1% from steam condensation and recovery from the outlets of i, iii, and iv modules. The synergistic effect of parameters such as the CO2/biomass mass ratio, operation temperatures, and oxygen-carrier/syngas mole ratio is optimized. Furthermore, the carbon migration pathway, water/steam consumption and conservation, energy transformation, and heat supplement of the system are investigated, achieving an optimized system energy efficiency of 59.2%.