▎ 摘　　要

This work demonstrates the possibility of deploying GeMn2O4/Graphene as an alternative anode for next generation lithium and sodium ion batteries. Germanium, capable of forming an alloy with lithium and sodium, has been exploited as an electroactive material with a select combination of metals and functional matrix along with conducting graphene. In other words, with a view to combat the known disadvantages of anodes, namely unavoidable volume changes upon cycling and sluggish transport kinetics, morphologically tuned rods of GeMn2O4 (GMO) with the optimised addition of graphene to form GeMn2O4/G (GMO/G) composite has been prepared and investigated as an anode material. In the GeMn2O4/G (GMO/G) composite, graphene enhances the electronic conductivity and addresses the volume variation during cycling especially when tested against lithium and sodium counterparts individually. For example, in Li-ion battery, GeMn2O4/G (GMO/G) exhibits a capacity of 1360 mA h g(-1) even after 100 cycles, when cycled at a current density of 50 mA g(-1). As a SIB anode, GMO/G composite exhibits an appreciable capacity of 252 mA h g(-1) upto 100 cycles at a current density of 50 mA g(-1). The observed capacity is attributed to the involvement of alloying/dealloying and conversion reactions related to Ge and Mn with lithium and sodium ions independently. This remarkable performance can be exploited further to benefit the futuristic high capacity and high rate demanding lithium and sodium-ion battery applications. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.