▎ 摘　　要

In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by the improved Hummers' method. The degree of oxidation from graphite (Gi) to GO was determined through interlayer spacing calculated from X-ray diffraction. Besides, the effect of KMnO4:Gi ratios (X-1), H2SO4 volume (X-2), oxidation temperature (X-3), oxidation time of stage 1 (X-4), and oxidation time of stage 2 (X-5) was screened by the Plackett-Burman model. The simultaneous impact of three factors that influenced the degree of oxidation (X-1, X-2, and X-3) was studied by the Box-Behnken experimental model of response surface methodology to achieve suitable conditions for the GO synthesis process. The characterization of GO product was investigated via the modern analytical methods: X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. In addition, the study was also carried out on a pilot scale for orientation in industrial application with the yield of 14 g/batch.