▎ 摘　　要

As of remarkable electrical, optical, magnetic, thermal and mechanical properties and large specific surface area, graphene belongs to two-dimensional material of sp(2) hybridization carbon atoms, has attracted a lot of interest in the recent decades. For the enormous utilization of graphene in nanoelectronics, the production of high quality graphene in large scale is essential. The properties and applications of this 2-D carbon structure have opened up new possibilities for potential systems and devices. Due to its unique properties in relation to other carbon nanomaterials, research interest in this material grew quickly. Though there are numerous graphene generating techniques, complications in the production of large scale, highly ordered structures of graphene have triggered advanced research in this area leading to the development of a broad spectrum of graphene nanostructures. Utilities of graphene is often behaving as a composite or filler material with metals, metal oxides and polymers. The customization of graphene properties and surface chemistry is focused on controlling its performance in a polymer matrix device. Due to its unusual combination of excellent properties, graphene has evolved as one of the most innovative nanomaterials. 'Graphene' is so thick that not even helium, the smallest gas atom, can move through it and it is impermeable to gasses. The typical review overviews the current understanding of the properties of graphene and its derivatives such as: graphene oxide (GO), porous graphene and porous graphene oxide, graphene oxide incorporated liquid crystal (GO-LC), graphene scroll. The review emphasis on simple and effective methodologies for the development of graphene nanocomposite. Various components of smart synthesis techniques are illustrated. Furthermore systematic review explored, interesting applications diversities of graphene and its derivatives, especially in the field of electronics, energy storage were examined along with the potential prospects for their further development, key challenges and significant opportunities in the industrial potential scale. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.