▎ 摘　　要

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbon-based, zero-dimensionalnanomaterials and unique due to their astonishing optical, electronic,chemical, and biological properties. Chemical, photochemical, andbiochemical properties of GQDs are intensely being explored for bioimaging,biosensing, and drug delivery. The synthesis of GQDs by top-down andbottom-up approaches, their chemical functionalization, bandgap engineering,and biomedical applications are reviewed here. Current challengesand future perspectives of GQDs are also presented.