▎ 摘　　要

This study aims to explain the failure mechanism of graphene nanoflakes/titanum (GNFs/Ti) composites with physical and chemical bonded interface. Formation of suitable titanium carbides (TiC) by interfacial chemical reaction is a promising approach for the interface bonding enhancement. We find that nano-TiC layer (consists of multi-sized grains) will simultaneously accumulate abundant dislocations on TiC/Ti interface and store the micro-cracks on GNFs-TiC interface, which greatly improve the strength and failure tolerance compared with physical-bonding interface. Tensile tests show that the interface chemical bonding lead to the excellent combination of high strength (849 MPa) and well ductility (a superior elongation of 20%) in 0.23 vol% GNFs/Ti composites. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.