▎ 摘　　要

A novel electrochemical sensor was designed to determine clenbuterol by using a new hybrid nanomaterials of water-dispersible sulfonated graphene sheets (SGSs) and oxygen-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) modified glass carbon electrode (GCE). The pi-pi stacking interaction between SGSs and MWCNTs-COOH was verified by UV-vis spectroscopy, fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The anodic peak current (Ipa) of clenbuterol at the GCE modified with SGSs/MWCNTs-COOH was much higher than those at the bare GCE, SGSs/GCE and MWCNTs-COOH/GCE due to the synergistic effect of the modified nanomaterials. Differential pulse voltammetry disclosed a good linear relationship between Ipa and concentrations of clenbuterol (0.01-5.0 mu M), with the detection limit of 4.6 nM. Finally, the modified electrode was successfully used to determine clenbuterol in liver samples. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.