▎ 摘　　要

The present review paper emphasizes liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) of graphene and its derivatives with the focus mainly on electrochemical exfoliation, mechanical exfoliation, and chemical exfoliation. A careful analysis of literature data on the above processes has been carried out in this review, which gives an insight into ratecontrolling factors in LPE. The mechanism for each exfoliation process has been discussed. Based on these inputs, the scale-up methodology is proposed. Reduced GO (rGO) are synthesized by mainly two routes i.e. thermal and chemical. The scope and limitation of both routes are discussed in brief. Further, the applications of functionalized graphene and GO in the polymer matrix composite have been elucidated. How the bonding of the epoxy group with the functional group present on graphene affects the strength and permeation properties of epoxy composites have been explained in this review. The advantages of modifications of graphene are discussed in detail to understand the mechanism for industrial development. A future roadmap has been proposed based on the existing knowledge gap.