▎ 摘　　要

Macroscopic porous graphene materials composed of graphene sheets have demonstrated their advantageous aspects in diverse application areas. It is essential to maximize their excellent performances by rationally controlling the sheet arrangement and pore structure. Bulk porous graphene materials with oriented pore structure and arrangement of graphene sheets are prepared by marrying electrolyte-assisted self-assembly and shear-force-induced alignment of graphene oxide sheets, and the super elasticity and anisotropic mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties induced by this unique structure are systematically investigated. Its application in pressure sensing exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity of 313.23 kPa(-1) for detecting ultralow pressure variation below 0.5 kPa, and it shows high retention rate for continuously intercepting dye molecules with a high flux of approximate to 18.7 L m(-2) h(-1) bar(-1) and a dynamic removal rate of 510 mg m(-2) h(-1).