▎ 摘　　要

In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) modified with maleic acid was coated on polyethersulfone (PES) substrate as sub-layer to improve the water solubilization and salt rejection of forward osmosis (FO) membrane. Graphene oxide (GO) was added to the active layer (prepared by interfacial polymerization of ammonia monomer and acyl chloride monomer) to form nanochannels between GO and polymer matrix for transporting water molecules. On the basis of PVA sub-layer, the effects of GO content on the structure and desalination performance of FO membrane were investigated. When the GO was embedded with 500 ppm, the surface roughness of corresponding membrane (PES-PVA-PA (500)) reached the maximum among all modified membranes and hydrophilicity of the membrane surface was improved. From the analysis of FO performance, when the active layer containing GO formed on the PVA sub-layer, water flux of the membranes increased due to the existence of nanochannels and reverse salt permeation was blocked by GO sheet and PVA sub-layer. Correspondingly, the ratio of reverse salt flux (Js) to water flux (Jv) of PES-PVA-PA (500) achieved the minimum of 0.21 g/L compared with unmodified thin-film composite (TFC) membrane (0.67 g/L) which indicated that the desalination performance has been significantly improved. (C) 2020 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.