▎ 摘　　要

Two composites of phosphorus nanoparticles encapsulated in graphene scrolls (P-G) and phosphorus nanoparticles loaded on planar graphene sheets (P/G) were successfully prepared and applied as anodes for sodium-ion batteries. Phosphorus nanoparticles (ca. 100-150nm) were firstly obtained from commercial red phosphorus by using a simple flotation method. P-G composites with different phosphorus contents (38.6, 52.2, and 62.1%) were synthesized through a quick-freezing process. In addition, the P/G composite with a phosphorus content of 50.8% was prepared for comparison purposes. As a result, the P-G composites showed a better performance than the P/G composite. Moreover, the P-G composite with a phosphorus content of 52.2% showed the best performance, delivering a capacity of 2355mAhg(-1) in the second cycle and 2172mAhg(-1) after 150 cycles at 250mAg(-1) (with a capacity retention of 92.3%).