▎ 摘　　要

Due to their unique structure, the optical and mechanical properties graphene and its derivatives (e.g. graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide) have captured the attention of a constantly increasing number of scientists with regards to biomolecule sensing. This mini review focuses on one specific type of sensor, that consisting of graphene and polyelectrolytes. Polyelectrolyte-graphene nanocomposites exhibit outstanding detection capabilities by synergistically combining the characteristics of both components, outperforming traditional sensors in many cases. Characteristics and mechanistic details of the most important polyelectrolyte-graphene based sensors will be discussed in detail in addition to some current challenges and future perspectives.