▎ 摘　　要

The effect of temperature on the charge of atoms adsorbed on the metal, semiconductor, and graphene substrate is analyzed using simple models. It is shown that the role of temperature in the case of metals is insignificant, while in the case of semiconductors, the temperature can only strongly affect the filling of local states in the bandgap. In the case of adsorption on an undoped graphene monolayer, the role of temperature is decisive when the energy of the adatom level is close to the Dirac point.