▎ 摘　　要

Carbon black (CB), multi-walled carbon nanotube (MVVCNT), and graphene (GN) were examined as catalytic films on the counter electrodes (CEs) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). GN exhibits the best performance among these materials for the corresponding cell. A composite film of GN/Nafione (R) was next used as the catalytic film on the CE of a DSSC. Nafion (R) is demonstrated to be an excellent dispersant for inhibiting the aggregation of GN. A solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency (eta) of 8.19% was achieved for the DSSC sensitized by TBA(Ru[(4-carboxylic acid-4'-carboxylate-2,2'-bipyridine)(4,4'-bis(5-(liexylthio)-2,2'-bithien-5'-y1)-2,2'-bipyridine)(NCS)(2)]), i.e., CYC-B11 dye, which was synthesized by our group, after the optimization of the composition of GN/Nafion (R), and an eta of 8.89% was exhibited for the cell with a sputtered-Pt (s-Pt) film on its CE under the same conditions. The significance of the cell with the composite film of GN/Nafion (R) lies in the fact that the expensive Pt is avoided in this case, thereby the cost of the pertinent DSSC was greatly reduced, even though its eta (8.19%) is slightly smaller than that of the cell with the s-Pt film (8.89%). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.