▎ 摘　　要

Electrorheological (ER) smart fluids can rapidly and reversibly response to an external electric field by transmitting rheological properties, which have many potential technical applications. However, conventional ER fluids based on microparticles are subjected to challenges in practical applications due to the problems including large particle sedimentation and low electric-field-induced yield strength. Recent researches of using nanoparticles as the dispersal phase have led to new interest in the development of non-conventional ER fluids with improved electrorheology. In this brief review, we especially focus on the recent researches on preparation, structure and electrorheology of two-dimensional graphene-based composites including graphene/semiconduting polymer graphene/polar polymer and graphene/carbonaceous composites. The results have showed that using graphene as host to prepare novel two-dimensional ER materials possibly provide a potential approach to develop high-performance ER fluids due to the advantages of the atomically thick two-dimensional structure, excellently electric and thermal properties.