▎ 摘　　要

We have studied the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene and their modification due to the adsorption of water and other gas molecules. Water and gas molecules adsorbed on nanoscale graphene were found to play the role of defects which facilitate the tunability of the bandgap and allow us to control the magnetic ordering of localized states at the edges. The adsorbed molecules push the wave functions corresponding to alpha-spin (up) and beta-spin (down) states of graphene to the opposite (zigzag) edges. This breaks the sublattice and molecular point group symmetry that results in opening of a large bandgap. The efficiency of the wave-function displacement depends strongly on the type of molecules adsorbed.