▎ 摘　　要

Graphene-based membranes have been explored in different energy and environmental applications. The 2D nanochannel structure and low frictional water flow inside micrometer-thick graphene oxide (GO) laminates make them attractive candidates for large-scale energy storage systems. Through the design of large size differences between charge carriers and redox species, GO membranes can achieve high rejection and high ionic conductivity in various solutions. Furthermore, tailoring the degree of oxidation or using bacterial cellulose as the hybrid component shows the flexibility to tune the microstructure and ionic transport of GO-based membranes. As a separator, GO membranes can achieve a rejection of >95% for a number of active species, and the ionic conductivity can reach 1.7 x 10(-2) 5 cm(-1) in 1 M H2SO4 electrolytes. Redox flow batteries with GO-based separators show a charge-discharge profile similar to that of commercial Nafion 212 and achieve a stable cycling performance with a high Coulombic efficiency of similar to 98%.