▎ 摘　　要

Lack of auto osteogenesis and clinical complexities of repairing of bone after severe injuries, urge to develop a significant approach to promote regeneration of bone. The present work represents ornamentation of 2D rod-like nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) on ultra-low concentration graphene oxide (GO) sheet. The nanohybrids (GO-nHA) were incorporated into the spermine based high strength thermoplastic polyurethane-urea (PUU) matrices by in situ technique and the porous scaffolds were fabricated. 1 wt% GO-nHA filled scaffold displayed dramatically improved physico-mechanical properties. Cytotoxicity study using osteoblast cell like MG-63 cell line revealed positive cell viability (above 95%) and increased proliferation over a period of 14 days of culture. Semi-quantitative Real Time polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) showed positive expression of collagen type I and osteocalcin indicating excellent maturation and biomineralization of osteoblasts. To avoid burden of carbonaceous particulate in body, very low percentage of GO (0.15%) was incorporated into the scaffold to improve mechanical properties, surface wettability, cell viability and cell proliferation drastically. Furthermore, in vivo study confirmed the promoted osteogenesis of PUU/GO-nHA scaffold in vivo without any cytotoxicity. Based on mechanical, in vitro and in vivo study the high strength nanohybrid scaffold exhibited tremendous potential for orthopedic applications. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.