▎ 摘　　要

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is synthesized from graphite oxide through urea-assisted solution combustion route. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a decrease in the interplanar spacing (d(002)) value from 8.14 to 3.44 angstrom on combustion due to reduction. Number of graphitic layers decreases from 58 to 9 on combustion indicating efficient exfoliation. Scanning electron micrographs reveal substantial reduction in the lateral dimension of graphitic planes from greater than similar to 1 mu m to less than similar to 380 nm. Raman spectroscopy studies indicate an enhancement of defects in the rGO with an I-D/I-G ratio of 1.19. Diminishing intensity of vibrational modes of different oxygen functional groups in the Fourier transform infrared spectrum and higher carbon to oxygen ratio of 12.13 from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate excellent reduction. N1s X-ray photoelectron spectrum confirms nitrogen doping. Electrical conductivity of rGO is 38 S m(-1). The sample as an active material in a three-electrode configuration with 6 M KOH electrolyte exhibits a capacitance of 75.1 F g(-1) at a current density of 0.1 A g(-1), and 63% of it is retained even at a current density of 10 A g(-1). It also exhibits 103% of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles.