▎ 摘　　要

Detection is the first step to efficient treatment, therefore early detection of biofilm gains paramount importance for the initiation of mitigation protocols. A systematic study was conducted to detect the biofilm formation (1 h to 2 month period) on aluminium, titanium surfaces and their corresponding oxide film surfaces. The limit of detection (LOD) in case of traditional MALDI-MS was limited to a 6 h old biofilm. Whereas, in case of the Graphene nanosheet mediated MALDI-MS (GN-MALDI-MS) approach, early detection of the biofilm was demonstrated to be 1 h on titanium surfaces and 3 h for AI surfaces. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.