▎ 摘　　要

Porous graphene, which refers to graphene containing nanopores in the two-dimensional basal plane, has aroused great interest. Porous graphene not only retains the excellent intrinsic prosperities of original graphene, but also opens up an energy gap to generate a semiconducting carbon film. The existing nanopores can improve mass transfer efficiency when compared to inactive surface of graphene, thus the porous graphene has more widespread application perspective. Here, the aspects of theoretical base, synthesis methods and applications of porous graphene are reviewed. The synthesis methods mainly include lithography, catalytic etching, chemical vapor deposition, wet etching, carbothermal reduction, solvothermal synthesis and free radical attack. Meanwhile, the application of porous graphene predominantly focuses on fields of energy storage and conversion materials (e. g., fuel cells, supercapacitors, and lithium ion batteries), field effect transistors, chemical sensors, water desalination, molecular sieves and DNA sequencing.