▎ 摘　　要

The correlation between carbon defects and the density of ZnO nanorods directly grown on graphene was studied. Thermal annealing was performed to vary the defect density of graphene on which ZnO nanorods were directly grown via hydrothermal synthesis. We found that ZnO nanorods were densely distributed on a highly defective graphene. Furthermore, specific defect sites were observed to provide upright ZnO nanorods. Raman spectroscopy revealed that the thermally induced defect corresponds to a carbon vacancy, which is expected to provide a reactive graphene surface where precursors can be easily attached to trigger the nucleation and further growth of ZnO nanorods. The local measurement of defects is believed to elucidate the key parameters for the growth of highly oriented ZnO nanorods. (C) 2017 The Japan Society of Applied Physics