▎ 摘　　要

Graphene is a one-atom-thick planar sheet of sp(2)-bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a two-dimensional crystal. As the building block for various macroscopic membranes, graphene has been known as a rising star in the area of membrane separation. The preparation and application of graphene based separation membrane are discussed in this review. Particular emphasis is directed to the wide application of graphene based membrane in the field of water treatment, gas separation, desalination and so on. Compared to traditional polymer membrane, graphene based separation membrane has the advantage of anti-fouling, high flux and good selectivity. Moreover, the application of other emerging 2D materials such as BN, MoS2 and WS2 in separation technology is also discussed. Finally, the future opportunities and challenges for the wide application of graphene based membrane are also discussed along with perspectives for future research in these fields.