▎ 摘　　要

Sodium lignosulfonate (LS) from sulfite pulping processing was used as a carbon source to synthesize graphene. LS was mixed with Fe nanoparticles (FeNPs) as a catalyst and thermally treated at 1000 C for 1 h. The Raman spectrum and X-ray diffraction pattern suggested that graphene sheets were formed in LS thermally treated with FeNPs (Fe-HTLS). Scanning electron microscopy image of Fe-HTLS showed clusters of thin graphene sheets appearing in the form of nanoflowers. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron reflection images provided further evidence of the formation of graphene in LS thermally treated in the presence of Fe catalyst. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.