• 文献标题:   Optical Reflectivity and Raman Scattering in Few-Layer-Thick Graphene Highly Doped by K and Rb.
  • 文献类型:   Article
  • 作  者:   JUNG N, KIM B, CROWTHER AC, KIM N, NUCKOLLS C, BRUS L
  • 作者关键词:   graphene, alkali, reflectivity, k, rb, contrast, raman, intercalation, doping, drude, superlattice
  • 出版物名称:   ACS NANO
  • ISSN:   1936-0851 EI 1936-086X
  • 通讯作者地址:   Columbia Univ
  • 被引频次:   37
  • DOI:   10.1021/nn201368g
  • 出版年:   2011

▎ 摘  要

We report the optical reflectivity and Raman scattering of few layer (L) graphene exposed to K and Rb vapors. Samples many tens of layers thick show the reflectivity and Raman spectra of the stage 1 bulk alkali Intercalation compounds (GICs) KC8 and RbC8. However, these bulk optical and Raman properties only begin to appear in samples more than about 15 graphene layers thick. The 1 L to 4 L alkali exposed graphene Raman spectra are profoundly different than the Breit-Wigner-Fano (BWF) spectra of the bulk stage 1 compounds. Samples less than 10 layers thick show Drude-like plasma edge reflectivity dip in the visible; alkali exposed few layer graphenes are significantly more transparent than intrinsic graphene. Simulations show the In-plane free electron density is lower than in the bulk stage 1 GICs. In few layer graphenes, alkalis both intercalate between layers Sand adsorb on the graphene surfaces. Charge transfer electrically dopes the graphene sheet's to densities near and above 10(+14) electrons/cm(2). New intrinsic Raman modes at 1128 and 1264 cm(-1) are activated by in-plane graphene zone folding caused by strongly Interacting, locally crystalline alkali adlayers. The K Raman spectra are independent of thickness for L = 1-4, indicating that charge transfer from adsorbed and Intercalated K layers are similar. The Raman G models downshifted and significantly broadened from intrinsic graphene. In contrast, the Rb spectra vary strongly with L and show increased doping by Intercalated alkali as L increases. Rb adlayers appear to be disordered liquids, while intercalated layers are locally crystalline solids. A significant intramolecular G mode electronic resonance Raman enhancement is observed in K exposed graphene, as compared with Intrinsic graphene.