• 文献标题:   Carbon-Based Supercapacitors Produced by Activation of Graphene
  • 文献类型:   Article
  • 作  者:   ZHU YW, MURALI S, STOLLER MD, GANESH KJ, CAI WW, FERREIRA PJ, PIRKLE A, WALLACE RM, CYCHOSZ KA, THOMMES M, SU D, STACH EA, RUOFF RS
  • 作者关键词:  
  • 出版物名称:   SCIENCE
  • ISSN:   0036-8075
  • 通讯作者地址:   Univ Texas Austin
  • 被引频次:   3829
  • DOI:   10.1126/science.1200770
  • 出版年:   2011

▎ 摘  要

Supercapacitors, also called ultracapacitors or electrochemical capacitors, store electrical charge on high-surface-area conducting materials. Their widespread use is limited by their low energy storage density and relatively high effective series resistance. Using chemical activation of exfoliated graphite oxide, we synthesized a porous carbon with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of up to 3100 square meters per gram, a high electrical conductivity, and a low oxygen and hydrogen content. This sp(2)-bonded carbon has a continuous three-dimensional network of highly curved, atom-thick walls that form primarily 0.6- to 5-nanometer-width pores. Two-electrode supercapacitor cells constructed with this carbon yielded high values of gravimetric capacitance and energy density with organic and ionic liquid electrolytes. The processes used to make this carbon are readily scalable to industrial levels.