▎ 摘　　要

The present work describes a low cost yet versatile and efficient method for the fabrication of highly robust materials for photodegradation of dyes, removal of heavy metal ions, and capacitive method is reported to the newest. In brief, sulfur was incorporated on in-situ carbon nanodisc decorated on the surface of layered graphene sheets from natural bio-char source Musa balbisiana at low temperature by hydrothermal technique. An appropriate approach to synthesize mesoporous and high surface area of 1050 m(2) g(-1) in the presence of KOH at 400 degrees C is reported. The photo-degradation shows 4 folds higher performance better than compared to activated carbon and heavy metal removal efficiency is very superior compared to commercially available activated carbon (CAC) and in-depth kinetic, thermodynamic, and mechanism were reported. Additionally, the performance of the capacitive deionization technique very efficiently used for the rapid removal of heavy metals like Pd+2, Cd+2 is a novel study employed. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.