▎ 摘　　要

Stem cell therapy is promising for treating traumatic injuries of the central nervous system, where a major challenge is to effectively differentiate neural stem cells into neurons with uniaxial alignment. Recently, controlling stem cell fate by modulating biophysical cues (e.g., stiffness, conductivity, and patterns) has emerged as an attractive approach. Herein, we report a new heterostructure composite scaffold to induce cell-oriented growth and enhance the neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. The scaffold is composed of aligned electrospinning silk nanofibers coated on reduced graphene paper with high conductivity and good biocompatibility. Our experimental results demonstrate that the composite scaffold can effectively induce the oriented growth and enhance neuronal differentiation of SH-SYSY cells. Our study develops a novel scaffold for enhancing the differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells into neurons, which holds great potential in the treatment of neurological diseases and injuries.