▎ 摘　　要

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic and scanning tunneling microscopic results demonstrate that annealing of Fe/carbon-rich 6H-SiC(0001) surface between 650 and 750 degrees C leads to Fe intercalation under the surface carbon layer. Accompanied with the metal intercalation, the carbon nanomesh surface was transformed into a graphene surface. Moreover, the formed graphene layers always float out to the topmost surface even after deposition of more than 10 monolayer Fe, acting as a surfactant. Using graphene as the surfactant may not only promote the 2D growth but also can improve the film performance considering that graphene is stable and robust. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.