▎ 摘　　要

In this study, various bio-inspired micro-/nano-scaled cylindrical patterns were designed by controlling their width and interspacing over a silicon substrate by using 3D photo/colloidal lithography techniques. The surface morphology and cross-sectional images confirmed the exact fabrication of bio-inspired tex-tures. The as-prepared bio-inspired surface textures were coated with polydimethylsiloxane as a soft neg-ative template and then covered with polyaniline (PANI) to investigate the morphology effect in superca-pacitor application. Results showed that the bio-inspired texture with micro-/nano-architectured surface of two different widths and interspacing of 5 mu m and 500 nm provided the best PANI capacitance per-formance of 429 F/g amongst other single and non-patterned (plain) templates with capacitance perfor-mances of 364 and 316 F/g, respectively, at 5 mV/s. Moreover, reduced graphene oxide was successfully incorporated into PANI; characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy; and investigated for supercapacitor performance by using the bio-inspired micro/nano-template. A synergistic performance of 614 F/g was observed at 1 A/g with excellent capacitive retention of 85% after 10,0 0 0 cycles. Efficient flexibility was also found over long-term cycling without defects in the performance. Thus, these novel bio-inspired electrodes could open the door for developing further portable bio-inspired electronic devices in the future. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.