▎ 摘　　要

Flexible and transparent hybrid piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) are prepared, based on vertical arrays of shape-modulated ZnO nanorods (ZnO-NRs) placed between two single-layer graphene sheets. A simple transfer printing method using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps in conjunction with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) enables the fabrication of flexible stacked structures of ZnO-NRs/graphene/PDMS/PET, and the morphology of the ZnO-NRs is controlled by metallic additives during their hydrothermal synthesis. The hybrid PENGs are transparent and generated electrical power upon bending; the power output performance is dependent on the nanorod morphology with a net volume power density of 0.0513 mW mm(-3) for Cd-doped ZnO-NRs, which is comparable to that of today's energy storage devices. The variation in output power is ascribed to the differences in the deformation modes of ZnO-NRs on bending because of the differences in their aspect ratios that are, in turn, controlled by the metallic additives; this suggests the possibility of customizing the power generation characteristics within a single material system.