▎ 摘　　要

Rare earth upconversion nanoparticle and graphene quantum dot have attracted a great research interest in biomedicine, but they all have some inherent defects as nanocarriers for in vivo drug delivery system. The study reported one new concept for fabrication of graphene quantum dot-rare earth upconversion hybrid via coordination between rare earth ion and histidine and octadecylamine-functionalized graphene quantum dot and subsequent fluoride ion replacement and hydrothermal treatment. The as-synthesized hybrid exhibits cage-like nanostructure with the mean particle diameter of 46.2 nm comprising of several nanometers of graphene sheets and NaYF4:Yb,Tm nanocrystals, high stability in a physiological buffer and 140.2-fold enhancement of upconversion luminescence. The biomimetic drug delivery system, composing of the hybrid and gold nanoparticles as the core and MGC-803 cell membranes as the shell, realizes the doxorubicin (DOX) loading capacity of 461.2%, targeting of homotypic tumor cells, both pH and light-stimulated drug release and chemo/photothermal therapy with a higher anticancer activity compared with free DOX. The therapeutic evaluation proves excellent anticancer activity and biocompatibility. The study also open one way to design of ideal nanocarriers for cancer diagnosis and treatment.