• 文献标题:   Immobilization of methotrexate anticancer drug onto the graphene surface and interaction with calf thymus DNA and 4T1 cancer cells
  • 文献类型:   Article
  • 作  者:   SHERVEDANI RK, MIRHOSSEINI H, FOROUSHANI MS, TORABI M, RAHSEPAR FR, NOROUZIBAROUGH L
  • 作者关键词:   immobilization, methotrexate, calfthymus dna, graphene, anticancer drug
  • 出版物名称:   BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY
  • ISSN:   1567-5394 EI 1878-562X
  • 通讯作者地址:   Univ Isfahan
  • 被引频次:   9
  • DOI:   10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.08.004
  • 出版年:   2018

▎ 摘  要

Immobilization of methotrexate (MTX) anticancer drug onto the graphene surface is reported through three methods, including either covalent linkage via (a) EDC/NHS organic activators and (b) electrografting of MTX diazonium salt, or (c) noncovalent bonding, resulting in three different systems. To evaluate the interaction ability of the immobilized MTX with biological species, calf thymus DNA (ctDNA), mouse 411 breast tumor, and Human foreskin fibroblast (hFF) cells as models of the primary intracellular target of anticancer drugs, cancer and normal cells, respectively, are examined. The features of the constructed systems and their interactions with ctDNA are followed by surface analysis techniques and electrochemical methods. The results indicate that (i) the amount of the immobilized MTX on the graphene surface is affected by type of the immobilization method; and a maximum value of (Gamma = 93 +/- 0.9 pmol cm(-2)) is found via electrografting method, (ii) graphene-modified-MTX has high affinity for ctDNA in a wide dynamic range of concentrations, and (iii) the nature of the interaction is of electrostatic and/or hydrogen bonding type, formed most probably between O-H, N-H and C=O groups of MTX and different DNA functions. Finally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results approved the high affinity of the systems for 4T1 cancer cells. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.