▎ 摘　　要

In the present paper we discuss the energy band structure and structural properties of graphene and carbon nanotubes used on determination of its electronic, optical and optoelectronic properties. We calculated the one-dimensional E-k relation of carbon nanotube, started from quantification the two-dimensional E-k of the graphene sheet along the circumferential direction of the nanotube, used a tight binding model based on the nearest neighbor interaction which includes one pz orbital per carbon atom. The electronic structure of nanotube can be defined by its diameter and chirality (m, n). For the zigzag nanotube, if (m-n) is a multiple of 3, is not gap in the energy spectrum, showing metallic character, if (m-n) is not a multiple of 3, the gap is non-zero, the character is semiconducting. For the armchair nanotube (m-n = 0), the character is always metallic. The size of the energy gap of nanotubes is inversely proportional to the diameter. This opens the way to controllable manipulations of phase-coherent mesoscopic phenomena.