▎ 摘　　要

Over the past decade, nano-graphene has emerged as one of the miraculous materials to mankind because of its outstanding electronic, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Unique characteristics of nano-graphene make it more attractive for development of new metal-free green heterogeneous catalysts especially for advance catalysis like photo catalysts, electrocatalysts, and organocatalysts. This review critically discusses the characterization techniques, catalysis, energy, and environmental applications of nano-graphene. A systematic design of economic challenges, health and safety concerns, and industrial life cycle assessment (LCA) to realize the commercial scale exploitation of nano-graphene is also reviewed. At the end, the challenges and opportunities for the future development of nano-graphene in regards to its sustainability and affordability are described.