▎ 摘　　要

During intercalation, some layered intercalation compounds undergo phase separation between several stablephases, known as stages. Of particular interest is the case of graphite, widely used in negative electrodes of batteries. Here, thermodynamics and kinetics of stage formation are studied using a multilayer free energy framework based on mean-field theory, accounting for both intralayer and interlayer interactions. Morespecifically, an order parameter is introduced to describe the local evolution of the stacking sequence of graphene sheets aroundlithium islands, enabling the distinction between the liquid-likestage 2L and the stage 2. In particular, we show that an interlayerinteraction between the lithium ions and the host structure is necessary to counterbalance the enthalpic term of the lithium intralayerenergy and allow the formation of islands with intermediate concentrations, characteristics of the liquid-like phases. Introducing the developed free energy model in Cahn-Hilliard's and Allen-Cahn's equations, we study the stages emergence during spinodaldecompositions. Staggered domains of lithium surrounded by different graphene stacking arise naturally with characteristics typical of stages 1 ', 3L, 2L, 2, and 1.