▎ 摘　　要

The superstructure composed of various functional building units is promising nanostructure for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) anodes with extreme volume change and structure instability, such as silicon-based materials. Here, a top-down route to fabricate Si/SiO2@graphene superstructure is demonstrated through reducing silicalite-1 with magnesium reduction and depositing carbon layers. The successful formation of superstructure lies on the strong 3D network formed by the bridged-SiO2 matrix coated around silicon nanoparticles. Furthermore, the mesoporous Si/SiO2 with amorphous bridged SiO2 facilitates the deposition of graphene layers, resulting in excellent structural stability and high ion/electron transport rate. The optimized Si/SiO2@graphene superstructure anode delivers an outstanding cycling life for approximate to 1180 mAh g(-1) at 2 A g(-1) over 500 cycles, excellent rate capability for approximate to 908 mAh g(-1) at 12 A g(-1), great areal capacity for approximate to 7 mAh cm(-2) at 0.5 mA cm(-2), and extraordinary mechanical stability. A full cell test using LiFePO4 as the cathode manifests a high capacity of 134 mAh g(-1) after 290 loops. More notably, a series of technologies disclose that the Si/SiO2@graphene superstructure electrode can effectively maintain the film between electrode and electrolyte in LIBs. This design of Si/SiO2@graphene superstructure elucidates a promising potential for commercial application in high-performance LIBs.