▎ 摘　　要

Environmental pollution is becoming a global threat with the heavy industrialization, rapid urbanization and the changing lifestyle of people. Carbon nanomaterials, especially carbon nanotubes and graphene, have been attracting tremendous attention in environmental analysis for rapid and cost-effective detection of various analytes by electrochemical sensing. These carbon nanotubes and graphene based sensors show unique electronic and physical properties like high surface area, wide potential window, good biocompatibility, heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics, and widely used in the field of environmental protection. This review covers the properties and applications of carbon nanotubes and graphene, which mainly focuses on the recent advancements of carbon nanotubes and graphene based electrochemical sensors for the detection of environmental pollutants including heavy metal ions (Pb(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Cr(VI), etc.), nitrite, phenolic compounds (phenol, dihydroxybenzene, etc.), organophosphorus pesticides (methyl parathion, parathion, malathion, etc.), typical endocrine-disrupting chemicals (estrogens, nonylphenol, etc.), antibiotics (penicillin, amoxicillin) and pathogens.