• 文献标题:   Graphene Earphones: Entertainment for Both Humans and Animals
  • 文献类型:   Article
  • 作  者:   TIAN H, LI C, MOHAMMAD MA, CUI YL, MI WT, YANG Y, XIE D, REN TL
  • 作者关键词:   graphene, earphone, acoustic device, laser scribing, graphene oxide, humananimal communication, frequency response
  • 出版物名称:   ACS NANO
  • ISSN:   1936-0851 EI 1936-086X
  • 通讯作者地址:   Tsinghua Univ
  • 被引频次:   62
  • DOI:   10.1021/nn5009353
  • 出版年:   2014

▎ 摘  要

The human hearing range is from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. However, many animals can hear much higher sound frequencies. Dolphins, especially, have a hearing range up to 300 kHz. To our knowledge, there is no data of a reported wide-band sound frequency earphone to satisfy both humans and animals. Here, we show that graphene earphones, packaged into commercial earphone casings can play sounds ranging from 100 Hz to 50 kHz. By using a one-step laser scribing technology, wafer-scale flexible graphene earphones can be obtained in 25 min. Compared with a normal commercial earphone, the graphene earphone has a wider frequency response (100 Hz to 50 kHz) and a three times lower fluctuation (+/- 10 dB). A nonlinear effect exists in the graphene-generated sound frequency spectrum. This effect could be explained by the DC bias added to the input sine waves which may induce higher harmonics. Our numerical calculations show that the sound frequency emitted by graphene could reach up to 1 MHz. In addition, we have demonstrated that a dog wearing a graphene earphone could also be trained and controlled by 35 kHz sound waves. Our results show that graphene could be widely used to produce earphones for both humans and animals.