• 文献标题:   Quantifying Defects in Graphene via Raman Spectroscopy at Different Excitation Energies
  • 文献类型:   Article
  • 作  者:   CANCADO LG, JORIO A, FERREIRA EHM, STAVALE F, ACHETE CA, CAPAZ RB, MOUTINHO MVO, LOMBARDO A, KULMALA TS, FERRARI AC
  • 作者关键词:   graphene, defect, raman spectroscopy, excitation energy
  • 出版物名称:   NANO LETTERS
  • ISSN:   1530-6984 EI 1530-6992
  • 通讯作者地址:   Univ Fed Minas Gerais
  • 被引频次:   1494
  • DOI:   10.1021/nl201432g
  • 出版年:   2011

▎ 摘  要

We present a Raman study of Ar+-bombarded graphene samples with increasing ion doses. This allows us to have a controlled, increasing, amount of defects. We find that I the ratio between the D and G peak intensities, for a given defect density, strongly depends on the laser excitation energy. We quantify this effect and present a simple equation for the determination of the point defect density in graphene via Raman spectroscopy for any visible excitation energy. We note that, for all excitations, the D to G intensity ratio reaches a maximum for an interdefect distance similar to 3 nm. Thus, a given ratio could correspond to two different defect densities, above or below the maximum. The analysis of the G peak width and its dispersion with excitation energy solves this ambiguity.