▎ 摘　　要

Uric acid (UA) is a decomposition product of purine nucleotide metabolism in the human body, and is a normal component of urine. Most UA dissolves in the blood, passes through the kidneys and leaves the body in urine. High levels of UA in the blood can lead to hyperuricemia that cause the formation of UA crystals, and result in permanent damage of bone, joint and tissue, and kidney and heart disease. The most typical and common related diseases are that the crystals cause gout in the joints and form kidney stones in the kidneys. In this work, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) was successfully synthesized from citric acid as reaction substrate by pyrolysis method and was used to modify glass carbon electrode (GCE) to prepare an electrochemical sensor for the detection of UA. The electrochemical property of GCE modified with GQDs was characterized by differential pulse voltammetry, and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical response of the modified GCE for detecting UA showed a good linear relation in the ranges of 10 similar to 1000 mu mol/L in phosphate buffer saline (pH=6.5). The as-prepared sensor has the advantages of good selectivity, high sensitivity and acceptable precision for the detection of UA, and can be used to detect UA in serum. The developed electrochemical sensor can be considered as a valuable tool for the analysis of UA in human serum, and has the potential to be developed for detecting UA outside the classical diagnostic laboratory. In addition, the electrochemical sensing technology involved in this study can be applied to the detection of UA, which lays a foundation for the further development of portable UA detector and expands the application of electrochemical sensing technology in laboratory medicine.